Mbiri ya Statue of Liberty ku New York, USA

The Statue of Liberty or Liberty Enlightening the World ili pakatikati pa New York pachilumba chotchedwa Liberty Island.

Kukumbukira kukongola kwa Statue of Liberty, chilumba chomwe chinali Poyamba, Bedloe's Island idatchedwanso Liberty Island. Kusinthanso kunachitika mu 1956 ndi zomwe bungwe la United States Congress linachita. Kudzera mwa iye chilengezo cha Purezidenti 2250, Purezidenti Franklin D. Roosevelt adalengeza kuti chilumbachi ndi gawo la chipilala cha National Statue of Liberty. Ngakhale kuti takhala tikudziwa za Statue of Liberty kwa nthawi yaitali, pali mfundo zina zosangalatsa komanso zochititsa chidwi zomwe ambiri a ife sitikudziwa.

Kuti mumvetse bwino za Statue of Liberty, werengani nkhani yomwe yasungidwa mosamala kwambiri ndikusunga zowona za chipilalachi ndikukulitsa chidziwitso chanu kuposa kale lonse kuti nthawi ina mukadzapita ku New York ndikupita ku Liberty Island mutha kuwoloka. -Yang'anani ndi momwe mukumvetsetsa zazikuluzikuluzi ndi maso anu ndikudabwa ndi chosema chomwe chili patsogolo panu. Pazidziwitso zomwe zaperekedwa pansipa, tayesera kuphatikiza mphindi iliyonse zokhudzana ndi Statue of Liberty.

Mbiri ya Statue of Liberty

Chipilala chokutidwa ndi mkuwa inali mphatso kwa anthu okhala ku United States kuchokera kwa anthu a ku France. Chojambulacho chinapangidwa ndi wojambula wa ku France Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi ndipo kunja kwachitsulo kunapangidwa ndi Gustave Eiffel. Chifanizirocho chinakumbukira mgwirizano wa mayiko awiri pa October 28, 1886.

Chifanizirocho chitatha kupatsidwa mphatso ku United States, chinakhala chizindikiro cha ufulu ndi kufanana osati ku United States kokha komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Statue of Liberty idayamba kuonedwa ngati chizindikiro cholandila anthu othawa kwawo, othawa kwawo omwe adafika panyanja ndi zina.. Lingaliro la kufalitsa mtendere kudzera mu chifanizo cha mkazi yemwe ali ndi nyali linayambitsidwa ndi Bartholdi yemwe adalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi pulofesa wa zamalamulo ku France komanso ndale, Édouard René de Laboulaye, yemwe adanenapo mu 1865 kuti nyumba iliyonse / chipilala chomwe chimamangidwa ku US. Kudziyimira pawokha kukanakhala ntchito yogwirizana ndi nzika za ku France ndi US ku United States.

Purezidenti ndiye Calvin Coolidge poyera adatcha Statue of Liberty kukhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la chipilala cha National Statue of Liberty National Monument mchaka cha 1924. Liberty ndi Ellis Island adaphatikizidwa ndikuphatikizidwa mu Kulembetsa Padziko Lonse Kwambiri Mbiri.

Imodzi mwa nthawi zonyada kwambiri kwa anthu a ku United States inali pamene Statue of Liberty idalengezedwa ngati malo a UNESCO World Heritage mchaka cha 1984. Mu zake Chidziwitso Chofunikira, UNESCO yafotokoza mwapadera chipilalachi ngati a mbambande ya mzimu wa munthu kuti imapirira ngati chizindikiro champhamvu kwambiri—kulingalira kolimbikitsa, kukangana ndi kutsutsa—zamalingaliro monga ufulu, mtendere, ufulu wachibadwidwe, kuthetsa ukapolo, demokalase ndi mwayi. . Chifukwa chake, kutsimikizira cholowa cha chizindikirocho kwazaka zikubwerazi.

Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka Statue of Liberty

Chojambulacho chinapangidwa ndi wosemasema wa ku France Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi

Ngakhale kuti mapangidwe a chipilalachi ndi chinthu chodabwitsa, ndi luso komanso nzeru zomwe zimapangidwira kupanga Statue of Liberty yomwe ndi chinthu choposa kuganiza wamba kwa munthu. Nkhope ya chiboliboliyo imakhulupirira kuti imachokera ku nkhope ya amayi a wopanga. Iye akuimira mulungu wamkazi wachiroma wovala mikanjo Libertas. M’dzanja lake lamanja, iye wanyamula nyali yachilungamo yoyatsidwa m’mwamba molimbana ndi mphepo, pamene nkhope ndi kaimidwe kake kakuyang’ana kum’mwera chakumadzulo. Chibolibolicho ndi cha 305 mapazi (93 metres) m'mwamba chomwe chimaphatikizapo chopondapo chake, kudzanja lake lamanzere, Libertas ali ndi buku lomwe lili ndi tsiku lokhazikitsidwa ndi Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776).

Muuni umene uli kudzanja lake lamanja umatalika mamita 29 (8.8 metres) kuyambira nsonga ya lawi lamoto mpaka mbali yonse ya chogwiriracho. Ngakhale kuti nyaliyo imatha kupezeka kudzera pamakwerero aatali a 42-foot (12.8-metres) omwe amadutsa m'manja mwa fanolo, tsopano ndi yoletsedwa kwa anthu kuyambira 1886 chifukwa cha munthu wodzipha pamalopo. Elevator yayikidwa mkati mwa chipilala chomwe chimanyamula alendo kupita kumalo owonera omwe ali pa pedestal. Malowa amathanso kufikika kudzera pamakwerero ozungulira omwe amamangidwa pakati pa chibolibolicho kupita kumalo owonera omwe amatsogolera ku korona wa chithunzicho. Cholemba chapadera chopezeka pakhomo la pedestal chimalembedwa ndi kuwerenga kwa sonnet Colossus Watsopano ndi Emma Lazaro. Sonnet inalembedwa kuti ithandize kupeza ndalama zomangira pedestal. Imati:

Osati ngati chimphona chamkuwa cha kutchuka kwachi Greek,
Ndi ziwalo zogonjetsa zikuyenda kuchokera kumtunda kupita kumtunda;
Pano pazipata zathu zotsukidwa ndi nyanja, zipata za kulowa kwa dzuwa zidzayima
Mkazi wamphamvu ndi nyali, amene lawi lake
Ndi mphezi yomangidwa, ndi dzina lake
Mayi wa Anthu Othawa kwawo. Kuchokera ku dzanja lake lounikira
Kuwala kolandiridwa padziko lonse lapansi; maso ake ofatsa amalamula
Doko lokhala ndi mlatho wokhala ndi mpweya lomwe mizinda iwiri imamanga.
“Sungani, inu maiko akale, kunyada kwanu kosatha! akulira iye
Ndi milomo yachete. “Ndipatseni wotopa wanu, wosauka wanu,
Amuna anu akungofuna kupuma afunafuna,
Zonyansa zowonongeka za m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Nditumizireni awa, opanda pokhala, mvula yamkuntho kwa ine,
Ndikukweza nyale yanga pafupi ndi chitseko chagolide! ”

Mu 1924, chipilalacho chinalengezedwa kukhala chipilala cha dziko lonse ndipo m’chaka cha 1933 chifanizirochi chinaikidwa pansi pa National Park Service. Mungadabwe kudziwa kuti chifukwa cha kutalika kwa Statue of Liberty, ili pachiwopsezo cha bingu ndi mphezi. Sizikudziwika kuti chibolibolicho chimawombedwa ndi mphezi pafupifupi ka 600 pachaka ndipo chawonongeka kale chifukwa cha mphepo yamphamvu komanso mabingu.

Panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, dzanja la Chiboliboli chonyamula nyaliyo linawonongeka chifukwa cha nkhondoyo ndipo pambuyo pake linamangidwanso ndi boma la USA. Poyambirira mtundu wa Statue of Liberty sunali wa buluu, koma chifukwa cha mkuwa womwe umagwira ndi mpweya womwe umapezeka mumlengalenga pakapita nthawi, chibolibolicho chinasanduka buluu. Kutalika kwa Statue of Liberty kumadziwika kuti ndi 2 m (pamwamba pa maziko a nyali), 46.5 m (pansi mpaka tochi) ndi 92.99 m (kuchokera chidendene mpaka pamwamba pamutu).

Chizindikiro

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, Statue of Liberty kapena Liberty Enlightening the World ndi chizindikiro cha ufulu kudzera mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi nyali yokwera pamwamba. Mitsuko isanu ndi iwiri mu korona wa Libertas imayimira mphamvu ndi mgwirizano wa makontinenti asanu ndi awiri ndi nyanja zisanu ndi ziwiri za dziko lapansi. .

Cholinga cha kukhazikitsa fano la ufulu chinali kulengeza mtendere pakati pa United States ndi France. Inali mphatso yochokera kwa anthu a ku France kwa anthu a ku United States kukumbukira ubwenzi umene unafalikira pambuyo pa nkhondo. Mukawona, mwendo wa chiboliboli ulibe maunyolo ndipo ukuchoka pa maunyolo omwe amamangidwa mosamala kumapazi a Libertas kupita kumunsi kwa chipilalacho. Iye akuchoka ku kuponderezana ndi nkhanza za nkhondo, olamulira, udani, ndi kudzimasula ku tsankho lamtundu uliwonse.

Kuwala kwa nyali kuyenera kuwongolera nthawi zonse, kumawonekera kumakona onse adziko lapansi ndikuwunikira mdima womwe watizinga. Pamene kutchuka kwa Statue of Liberty kunakula, othawa kwawo ndi othawa kwawo anayamba kugwirizana ndi fanolo ngati chizindikiro cholandirira, monga chizindikiro cha kutentha, kufanana, mgwirizano ndi ubale. Posakhalitsa idayamba kuwonedwa ngati chiboliboli chomwe chimazindikira ndikulandila osati anthu aku USA ndi France okha komanso nzika zapadziko lonse lapansi. Uthengawu ukuwonekeratu kuti Statue of Liberty sichiwona mtundu, mtundu, chiyambi, chipembedzo, gulu, jenda kapena tsankho lililonse lomwe limaphwanya cholinga cha umodzi. Iye amateteza ufulu wa anthu.

Kusangalala kwa alendo

Chifanizirocho chili pachilumba cha Liberty, pafupi ndi Ellis Island, kunyumba kwa Ellis Island National Museum of Immigration.

The Statue of Liberty imakongoletsa chilumba cha maekala 12 ku Lower Manhattan ndipo simalo odziwika komanso odziwika padziko lonse lapansi, komanso amadziwika kuti kosangalatsa kwambiri kopita alendo komwe alendo amayendera ndikuphunzira za mbiriyakale , kufunikira ndi kufunikira kwa chilumba cha Liberty ndikufufuza malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ndi ziwonetsero zina zoyenera pachilumbachi. Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira mozama za chipilalachi, mutha kupeza zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa zomwe mungachite ku Statue of Liberty komanso pachilumbachi.

Chiwonetsero cha Statue of Liberty chili pansanjika yachiwiri ya chopondapo chomwe chinamangidwa mkati mwa Statue ndipo chikuwonetsa zithunzi zambiri, zojambulidwa mosamala zokhudzana ndi chipilalacho ndi chilumbacho ndi zinthu zina zakale zomwe zimafotokoza nkhani yomanga chipilalacho komanso kufunikira kwake kudzera. njira ya mbiriyakale.

Ziwonetsero zikuphatikizapo Fabrication of the Statue, Fundraising in America pokonza fano ndi zolinga zina zothandiza anthu, The Pedestal and Century of Souvenirs. Aliyense ali ndi mwayi wopita kumalo owonetserako, osalipidwa. Siteshoni ya Visitor Information Station ili ndi zithunzi za timabuku, mamapu ndi zikumbutso zingapo zokhudzana ndi mbiri ya chipilalachi komanso ikuwonetsa alendowo kapepala kakang'ono kofotokozera za kupangidwa kwa Statue of Liberty.

Mutha kupita kumalo ano kuti mukakhale ndi nthawi yabwino yophunzirira ndikusaphunzira za chimodzi mwazipilala zomwe zimakambidwa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mutha kusonkhanitsa timabuku ndi maupangiri kuti mukonzekere nthawi yomwe mumakhala ku Liberty Island ndikukhala ndi mafunso okhudza chifanizirocho kuyankhidwa ndi ogwira nawo ntchito omwe ali patsambalo.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri za mbiri ya nyali yotchuka yomwe imawunikiridwa mokhazikika ndi Lady Libertas poyendera gawo la The Torch Exhibit. Zowonetsera kumeneko zikuwonetsa zojambula zambiri, zojambula, zithunzi, zojambula, zojambula, zojambula, zojambula ndi zithunzi za nyali zomwe zikuyenda m'mbiri ya chipilalacho. Chiwonetsero cha Torch ili pa khonde la chipinda chachiwiri cha chibolibolicho.

Mutha kusankha kuyenda paulendo wotsogozedwa wa Promenade Tour ndi Observatory Tour kuti mukasangalale ndikuwona kokongola kwa Statue of Liberty komanso New York Harbor. Mudzatha kuwona mkati mwa Chifanizirocho mutayang'ana pafupi ndikuphunzira za mawonekedwe a Statue. Ulendo wanu pachilumbachi ukhoza kutha mpaka mphindi 45 ndipo ndondomeko ya tsiku ndi tsiku imasinthidwa mu Visitor Information Center.

Maulendo otsogozedwa ndi alonda ku Liberty Island ndi aulere. Dziwani kuti dera la nyaliyo ndi loletsedwa kuyendera anthu. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha chitetezo cha anthu ndi zofunikira zina, korona wa fano ilinso mkati mwa malo oletsedwa.

WERENGANI ZAMBIRI:
Kunyumba kwa mapaki opitilira mazana anayi opezeka m'maboma ake makumi asanu, palibe mndandanda wonena za mapaki odabwitsa kwambiri ku United States ungakhale wokwanira. Phunzirani za iwo mu Ulendo Woyenda ku Malo Otchuka a National Park ku USA

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