Umlando weSifanekiso Senkululeko eNew York, e-USA

Kubuyekezwe ku Dec 09, 2023 | I-Visa yase-US eku-inthanethi

I-Statue of Liberty noma Liberty Enlightening the World itholakala enkabeni yeNew York esiqhingini esibizwa ngokuthi iLiberty Island.

Ukukhumbula ubuhle beSifanekiso Senkululeko, isiqhingi esasikhona Ngaphambilini ebizwa ngokuthi i-Bedloe's Island yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Liberty Island. Ukuqamba kabusha kwenziwa ngo-1956 ngesenzo esaphasiswa yi-United States Congress. Ngeyakhe isimemezelo sikamongameli 2250, UMongameli uFranklin D. Roosevelt umemezele lesi siqhingi njengengxenye yetshe lesikhumbuzo leSifanekiso Senkululeko Yesizwe. Nakuba sesazi iSifanekiso Senkululeko isikhathi eside kakhulu, asekhona amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu namangalisayo angakaziwa iningi lethu.

Ukuze uqonde kangcono iSifanekiso Senkululeko, funda isihloko esikhethwe ngokucophelela kakhulu ugcina amaqiniso ngetshe lesikhumbuzo futhi wandisa ulwazi lwakho kunanini ngaphambili ukuze ngokuzayo uma uvakashela eNew York futhi kwenzeka uye eLiberty Island ukwazi ukuwela. -bheka ngokuqonda kwakho okukhulu ngamehlo akho futhi udideke mayelana nomdwebo ophambi kwakho. Kulolu lwazi olunikezwe ngezansi, sizame ukufaka yonke iminithi imininingwane ephathelene neSifanekiso Senkululeko.

Umlando Wesithombe Senkululeko

Itshe lesikhumbuzo elenziwe ngethusi kwakuyisipho sabahlali base-United States esivela kubantu baseFrance. Umklamo waqanjwa umdwebi waseFrance uFrédéric Auguste Bartholdi kanti ingaphandle lensimbi laqoshwa umqophi uGustave Eiffel. Lesi sithombe sikhumbula isibopho sezizwe ezimbili ngo-Okthoba 28, 1886.

Ngemuva kokuthi lesi sithombe siphiwe i-United States, saba uphawu lwenkululeko nokulingana hhayi e-United States kuphela kodwa emhlabeni jikelele. I-Statue of Liberty yaqala ukubhekwa njengophawu olwamukela abokufika, ababaleki abafika bedabula izilwandle nokunye.. Umqondo wokusabalalisa ukuthula ngesithombe sowesifazane ophethe ithoshi waqalwa nguBartholdi owagqugquzelwa kakhulu uprofesa wezomthetho waseFrance nosopolitiki, u-Édouard René de Laboulaye, owayephawule ngo-1865 ukuthi noma yisiphi isakhiwo/isikhumbuzo esakhiwe e-US. ukuzimela kungaba iphrojekthi ehlanganyelwe yezakhamizi zaseFrance nase-US United States.

Umongameli wangaleso sikhathi uCalvin Coolidge wabiza esidlangalaleni iSitatimende Senkululeko njengengxenye ebalulekile yeSifanekiso Sesizwe Sesikhumbuzo Senkululeko ngonyaka ka-1924. Lesi sakhiwo sanwetshwa ukuze sithathelwe e-Ellis Island ngonyaka ka-1965. Ngonyaka olandelayo, zombili iSifanekiso I-Liberty ne-Ellis Island yahlanganiswa futhi yafakwa ku Ukubhaliswa Kwezwe Kwezindawo Zomlando.

Esinye sezikhathi zokuziqhenya kakhulu kubantu base-United States kwaba lapho I-Statue of Liberty yamenyezelwa njengendawo yamagugu omhlaba ye-UNESCO ngonyaka we-1984. Kuyo Isitatimende Sokubaluleka, I-UNESCO ichaze ngokuhlukile leli tshe lesikhumbuzo njenge ubuciko bomoya womuntu ukuthi ibekezelela njengophawu olunamandla kakhulu—ukuzindla okukhuthazayo, impikiswano kanye nokubhikisha—kwemibono efana nenkululeko, ukuthula, amalungelo abantu, ukuqedwa kobugqila, intando yeningi nethuba. . Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganisa ifa lesibonakaliso leminyaka ezayo.

Isakhiwo kanye nomklamo we-Statue of Liberty

Statue of Liberty Design Lo mklamo waqanjwa umqophi waseFrance uFrédéric Auguste Bartholdi

Nakuba ukwakheka kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kuyinto emangazayo, wubuhlakani kanye nobuhlakani obungena ekudaleni iSitatimende Senkululeko okungaphezu kokucabanga okuvamile komuntu. Ubuso balo mfanekiso kukholakala ukuthi busekelwe kunina womklami. Umele unkulunkulukazi wamaRoma ogqoke ingubo uLibertas. Esandleni sakhe sokunene, ubambe ithoshi lobulungisa elikhanyisiwe eliphakanyiswe phezulu ngokumelene nemimoya kuyilapho ubuso bakhe nokuma kubheke eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Lesi sithombe sime ngamamitha angama-305 (amamitha angama-93) ukuphakama okuhlanganisa nesisekelo saso, esandleni sakhe sobunxele, uLibertas uphethe incwadi ephethe usuku lokwamukelwa kweSimemezelo Sokuzimela (Julayi 4, 1776).

Ithoshi elisesandleni sakhe sokudla lingamafidi angu-29 (8.8 amamitha) lisuka ephuzwini lelangabi liye kuso sonke isibambo. Ithoshi nakuba lifinyeleleka ngeladi elingamafidi angu-42 (12.8-metres) ubude elidlula engalweni yomfanekiso, manje selivinjelwe emphakathini kusukela ngo-1886 ngenxa yomuntu ozibulala endaweni. Ikheshi lifakwe ngaphakathi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo elithwala izivakashi liziyise endaweni yokubuka ekhona ku-pedestal. Le ndawo ingafinyelelwa futhi ngezitebhisi ezivunguzayo ezakhiwe phakathi nendawo yesifanekiso ukuya endaweni yokubuka eholela kumqhele wesibalo. I-plaque ekhethekile etholakala emnyango we-pedestal iqoshwe ngokufundwa kwe-sonnet The New Colossus by Emma Lazarus. I-sonnet yabhalwa ukusiza ukuqoqa imali yokwakhiwa kwe-pedestal. Ifundeka kanje:

Hhayi njengeqhwa elikhulu lodumo lwamaGreki,
Ngezitho ezinqobayo zihamba zisuka kwelinye izwe ziye kwelinye;
Lapha emasangweni ethu ahlanziwe, ashona ilanga ayoma
Owesifazane onamandla ophethe ithoshi, ilangabi lakhe
Ingabe umbani oboshiwe, negama lakhe
Umama Wokudingiswa. Kusukela esandleni sakhe sokukhanya
Ukukhanya kwamukelekile emhlabeni wonke; amehlo akhe athambile ayala
Ichweba elinebhuloho elinomoya elidweba amadolobha angamawele.
“Gcinani, mazwe asendulo, ubukhazikhazi benu obunezitezi!” uyakhala yena
Ngezindebe ezithule. “Nginike ukukhathala kwakho, abampofu bakho,
Izixuku zakho ezihlanganisiwe zilangazelela ukuphefumula mahhala,
Udoti odabukisayo wolwandle lwakho olugcwele.
Thumela lezi, abangenamakhaya, isiphepho-sivunguvungu kimi,
Ngiphakamisa isibani sami ngasemnyango wegolide! ”

The New Colossus ngu-Emma Lazaro, ngo-1883

Ubuwazi: I-Statue of Liberty ekuqaleni yabonwa yi-US Lighthouse Board, njengesebenza ngenjongo yendlu yesibani esiza amatilosi ngosizo lokuzulazula? Njengoba i-Fort Wood yayisasebenza ngokugcwele, isibopho sokunakekela izidingo zesithombe sadluliselwa ngo-1901 eMnyangweni Wezempi.

Ngo-1924, lesi sikhumbuzo samenyezelwa njengesikhumbuzo sikazwelonke futhi ngonyaka ka-1933 ukuphathwa kwalesi sithombe kwafakwa ngaphansi kweNational Park Service. Ungamangala ukwazi ukuthi ngenxa yobude obuphakeme beSitatimende Senkululeko, sisengozini yokuduma nombani. Akulona iqiniso elingaziwa ukuthi lesi sithombe sishaywa umbani izikhathi ezingaba ngu-600 ngonyaka futhi bonakaliswe ngaphambili ngenxa yomoya onamandla nokuduma.

NgeMpi Yezwe Yesibili, isandla seSifanekiso esasiphethe ithoshi sonakaliswa ngenxa yempi futhi kamuva sakhiwa kabusha uhulumeni wase-USA. Ekuqaleni umbala weSifanekiso Senkululeko wawungekho luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa ngenxa yokusabela kwethusi komoyampilo okhona emoyeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isithombe saphenduka saba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuphakama kweSitatimende Senkululeko kuqashelwa ukuthi kungama-2 m (phezulu kwesisekelo kuya kwethoshi), 46.5 m (umhlabathi kuya esibani) kanye nama-92.99 m (kusuka esithendeni kuye phezulu ekhanda).

Ubuwazi: Imimoya enamandla kuno-50 mph ingabangela iSifanekiso Senkululeko ukuthi sijike ngama-intshi angu-3 aphelele! Futhi ithoshi elibanjwe esandleni sokudla linganyakaza lifinyelele kumayintshi angu-6! Akukhona yini ukusangana ukuthi isifanekiso esinesisindo esingafika ku-250,000 lbs.(mathani angu-125) singaze sinyakaze!

kufanekisa

Njengoba igama ngokwalo liphakamisa, iSifanekiso Senkululeko noma Senkululeko Esikhanyisela Umhlaba siwuphawu lwenkululeko ngokwenza samuntu wesifazane ophethe ithoshi eliphakanyiswe phezulu. Izikhonkwane eziyisikhombisa emqhele we-Libertas zisho amandla nobumbano lwamazwekazi ayisikhombisa nezilwandle eziyisikhombisa zomhlaba. .

Inhloso yokwakhiwa kwesithombe senkululeko kwakuwukumemezela ukuthula phakathi kwe-United States neFrance. Kwakuyisipho esivela kubantu baseFrance kubantu base-United States bekhumbula ubungane obaqhakaza ngemva kwempi. Uma ubheka, umlenze wesifanekiso awunawo amaketanga futhi uyasuka emaketangeni akhiwe ngokucophelela ezinyaweni zikaLibertas ukuya phansi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo. Uyagqashula ekucindezelweni nasekubuseni izimpi, wababusi, wenzondo, futhi uyazikhulula kulo lonke uhlobo lobandlululo.

Ukukhanya kwethoshi kufanele njalo kuqondise, kufanele njalo kubonakale kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba futhi kukhanyise ubumnyama obusiqamekele. Njengoba udumo lweSitatimende Sokukhululeka lukhula, abafuduki kanye nababaleki baqala ukuhlobana nesithombe njengesibonakaliso sokwamukela, njengesibonisi sokufudumala, ukulingana, ubunye nobuzalwane. Ngokushesha kwaqala ukubonakala njengesifanekiso esiqaphela futhi esingamukeli abantu base-USA naseFrance kuphela kodwa izakhamuzi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Umlayezo usobala ukuthi iSitembu Senkululeko asiboni uhlanga, ibala, imvelaphi, inkolo, isigaba, ubulili nanoma yikuphi ukucwasa okwephula inhloso yobumbano. Uyawaqapha amalungelo abantu.

Injabulo yabavakashi

Isithombe seLiberty Ellis Island Lesi sithombe sitholakala eLiberty Island, ibangana nje ukusuka e-Ellis Island, ikhaya le-Ellis Island National Museum of Immigration.

I-Statue of Liberty ihlobisa isiqhingi esingamahektha angu-12 e-Lower Manhattan futhi akuzona nje kuphela izindawo eziqashelwa kakhulu nezidumile emhlabeni, kodwa yaziwa nangokuthi indawo ekhangayo yezivakashi lapho izivakashi zivakashela khona futhi zifunde ngomlando , ukubaluleka nokubaluleka kweLiberty Island futhi uhlole iminyuziyamu neminye imibukiso efanele esiqhingini. Uma ufuna ukwazi ngokuthola ulwazi olujulile lwemfundo mayelana netshe lesikhumbuzo, ungathola izinto eziningi ezijabulisayo nezithokozisayo ongazenza ku-Statue of Liberty nasesiqhingini.

I-Statue of Liberty Exhibit itholakala esitezi sesibili sesisekelo esakhiwe ngaphakathi kweSifanekiso futhi sibonisa iqoqo elikhulu lezithombe, ukuphrinta okuthengwe ngokucophelela okuhlobene netshe lesikhumbuzo nesiqhingi kanye nezinto ezithile zobuciko ezilandisa indaba yokwakhiwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo nokubaluleka kwaso ngokusebenzisa. inkambo yomlando.

Imibukiso ihlanganisa Ukwenziwa Kwesithombe Esiqoshiwe, Ukuqoqwa Kwezimali eMelika ukuze kugcinwe umfanekiso kanye nezinye izinjongo zokusiza abantu, i-Pedestal kanye ne-Century of Souvenirs. Wonke umuntu uyakwazi ukufinyelela le ndawo yombukiso, azikho izindleko ezikhokhiswayo. ISiteshi Sokwaziswa Kwezivakashi sinezithombe zezincwajana ezimbalwa, amamephu nezikhumbuzo ezihlobene nefa lesikhumbuzo futhi sibonisa izivakashi idokhumentari emfushane ephawula ngokwenziwa kweSitatimende Senkululeko.

Ungabhekisa amabombo kule ndawo ukuze uchithe isikhathi esithile sekhwalithi ufunda futhi ungafundi amaqiniso ngomunye wezikhumbuzo okukhulunywa ngazo kakhulu emhlabeni. Ungaqoqa izincwajana neziqondiso ukuze uhlele isikhathi sakho osichitha e-Liberty Island futhi ube nemibuzo yakho enemibuzo mayelana nesifanekiso ephendulwe ngabasebenzi abakhona esizeni.

Ungathola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nomlando wethoshi elidumile elihlala likhanyiswa elibanjwe ngokuqinile ngu-Lady Libertas ngokuvakashela ingxenye Yombukiso Wethoshi. Isibonisi lapho sibonisa iqoqo elicebile lopopayi, imidwebo, izithombe, imidwebo, ukuhumusha, imidwebo, imidwebo nezithombe zethoshi ezihamba phakathi nomlando wetshe lesikhumbuzo. Umbukiso Wethoshi Itholakala kuvulandi wesitezi sesibili sesifanekiso.

Ungakhetha ukuthatha i-Promenade Tour ne-Observatory Tour eqondisiwe ukuze ujabulele umbono omuhle we-Statue of Liberty kanye ne-New York Harbor. Uzokwazi ukubona uhlaka lwangaphakathi LweSifanekiso usuka endaweni esondeziwe futhi ufunde mayelana nokunamathisela kweSifanekiso. Uhambo lwakho esiqhingini lungathatha imizuzu engama-45 futhi uhlelo lwansuku zonke luyabuyekezwa esikhungweni solwazi lwezivakashi.

Uhambo oluqondiswa abaqaphi e-Liberty Island lumahhala. Yazi ukuthi isifunda sethoshi asivumelekile ukuvakashelwa umphakathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngokuphepha komphakathi nezinye izidingo, umqhele wesifanekiso nawo ungaphakathi kwendawo enqatshelwe.

FUNDA KABANZI:
Ikhaya lamapaki ezwe angaphezu kwamakhulu amane asakazeke kuzo zonke izifundazwe zawo ezingamashumi amahlanu, alukho uhlu olukhuluma ngamapaki amangalisa kakhulu e-United States olungake luphelele. Funda ngabo ku Umhlahlandlela Wokuhamba WamaPaki Kazwelonke Odumile e-USA


I-ESTA US Visa iyisigunyazo sokuhamba nge-elekthronikhi noma imvume yokuhamba ukuze uvakashele e-United States isikhathi esingafika ezinsukwini ezingama-90 futhi uvakashele lesi simangaliso esimangalisayo e-New York, e-United States. Izivakashi zamazwe ngamazwe kumele zibe ne-US ESTA ukuze zikwazi ukuvakashela izindawo eziningi ezikhangayo zase-United States. Izakhamizi zakwamanye amazwe zingafaka isicelo se Isicelo se-Visa sase-US endabeni yemizuzu. Inqubo ye-ESTA US Visa ku-othomathikhi, kulula, futhi ku-inthanethi ngokuphelele.

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